What is the normal range for bicarbonate (HCO3-) in mEq/L?

What is the normal range for bicarbonate (HCO3-) in mEq/L?

• A. 22-26
• B. 18-22
• C. 26-30
• D. 28-32

Answer: (A)

Bicarbonate serves as the blood’s main metabolic buffer, so its level reflects the metabolic part of acid–base balance. The normal arterial bicarbonate range is 22–26 mEq/L. This interval represents the typical buffering capacity kept by renal regulation in healthy individuals. Values within this range suggest no metabolic acid–base disturbance. If bicarbonate falls below 22, it points toward metabolic acidosis or a situation where buffering has been consumed; if it rises above 26, it indicates metabolic alkalosis or a compensatory process toward higher base. The other ranges are outside the normal interval: 18–22 is low and leans toward acidosis, while 26–30 and 28–32 are elevated and align with alkalosis.

Bicarbonate serves as the blood’s main metabolic buffer, so its level reflects the metabolic part of acid–base balance. The normal arterial bicarbonate range is 22–26 mEq/L. This interval represents the typical buffering capacity kept by renal regulation in healthy individuals. Values within this range suggest no metabolic acid–base disturbance. If bicarbonate falls below 22, it points toward metabolic acidosis or a situation where buffering has been consumed; if it rises above 26, it indicates metabolic alkalosis or a compensatory process toward higher base. The other ranges are outside the normal interval: 18–22 is low and leans toward acidosis, while 26–30 and 28–32 are elevated and align with alkalosis.